f7bd316 | plum | pyrossh

git clone https://git.pyrossh.dev/plum

A statically typed, imperative programming language inspired by rust, python

f7bd316 — pyrossh 2024-03-01T12:19:38+05:30

add docs

Generated files not shown: website/package-lock.json

Files changed (30) hide show

.gitignore +1 -2
readme.md +1 -651
std/float.mi +0 -0
std/int.mi +0 -0
std/str.mi +3 -3
website/.gitignore +21 -0
website/.vscode/extensions.json +4 -0
website/.vscode/launch.json +11 -0
website/astro.config.mjs +53 -0
website/package.json +17 -0
website/public/favicon.svg +1 -0
website/src/assets/houston.webp +0 -0
website/src/content/config.ts +6 -0
website/src/content/docs/declarations/aliases.md +11 -0
website/src/content/docs/declarations/enum.md +29 -0
website/src/content/docs/declarations/functions.md +28 -0
website/src/content/docs/declarations/records.md +24 -0
website/src/content/docs/declarations/traits.md +22 -0
website/src/content/docs/index.mdx +162 -0
website/src/content/docs/operators/logical.md +91 -0
website/src/content/docs/primitive-types.md +55 -0
website/src/content/docs/reference-types.md +150 -0
website/src/content/docs/statements/constants.md +25 -0
website/src/content/docs/statements/for.md +19 -0
website/src/content/docs/statements/if.md +15 -0
website/src/content/docs/statements/match.md +28 -0
website/src/content/docs/statements/variables.md +18 -0
website/src/content/docs/statements/while.md +20 -0
website/src/env.d.ts +2 -0
website/tsconfig.json +3 -0

.gitignore CHANGED Viewed

@@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ src/language/generated/
 static/bundle/
 static/monaco-editor-workers/
 static/worker/
-syntaxes/
+syntaxes/
-website

readme.md CHANGED Viewed

@@ -4,657 +4,7 @@
 - The compiler users the tree-sitter parser so has out of the box syntax highlighting support for helix and zed editor
 - Plans to be compiled to WASM
-Here is some sample code, please enjoy
-```rs
-module lambda
-import std/list
-import std/math
-import std/http
-const DELTA = 11
-fn sum(a: int, b: int): int = a + b + DELTA
-fn sumAll(series: list[int]): int =
-  series.reduce(0, |v| v + 1)
-fn fib(n: int): int =
-  match n
-    0 | 1 -> n
-    _ -> fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
-fn fib(n: int): int =
-  if n == 0 || n == 1
-    n
-  else
-    fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
-fn factorial(n: int): int =
-  match n
-    a -> 1
-    _ -> n * factorial(n - 1)
-fn firstItem(items: list[int]): option[int] =
-  items.get(0)
-fn toCelsius(f: float): float =
-  (f - 32) * (5 / 9)
-// Variadic function
-fn addItems(items ...str) =
-  list.add(items)
-record Cat(
-  name: str
-  age:  int
-)
-// Additional Cat Contructor which is just a static function on type Cat
-fn Cat.withName(name: str): Cat =
-  Cat(name: name, age: 0)
-// A simple method
-fn fullname(c: Cat): str =
-  c.name + c.age.toStr()
-fn talk(c: Cat) =
-  printLn("cat ${c.name} says meow")
-fn toStr(c: Cat): str =
-  "Cat<{c.fullname()}, ${c.age}>"
-trait Stringable where
-  fn toStr(): str
-// `Cat is a speciecs of felidae
-struct Cat is Stringable, Equal, Comparable =
-  | name: str
-  | age:  int
-  fn Cat(name: str, age: int) =
-    self.name = name
-    self.age = age
-  fn Cat.withName(name: str): Cat =
-    `Create a cat with only name
-    Cat(name: name, age: 0)
-  fn fullname(): str =
-    name + age.toStr()
-  fn talk() =
-    printLn("cat ${name} says meow")
-  fn toStr(): str =
-    "Cat<${fullname()}, ${age}>"
-enum Temperature where
-  | celsius(float)
-  | fahrenheit(float)
-  fn toStr(): str =
-    match self
-      celsius(t) && t > 30 -> "${t}C is above 30 celsius"
-      celsius(t) -> "${t}C is below 30 celsius"
-      fahrenheit(t) && t > 86 -> "${t}F is above 86 fahrenheit"
-      fahrenheit(t) -> "${t}F is below 86 fahrenheit"
-type MapCallback = fn(v: a): v
-struct DB(conn_url: str) where
-  fn connect(): Result[unit, DatabaseError] =
-   `connect to the database
-    online := status()
-    if !online
-      Err(NotOnline(conn_url))
-    else
-      Ok(unit)
-  fn status(): bool =
-    `check if the database is running
-    res := exec("select 1")
-    if res == None
-      false
-    else
-      true
-  fn exec(q: str): Result[unit] =
-    `exec some stuff
-    printLn("Going to exec q")
-#[error]
-enum DatabaseError =
-  NotOnline(conn_url: str)
-  RowReadFailure(query: str)
-fn newDB(conn_url: str) result[DB, DatabaseError] =
-  db := DB(conn_url: str)
-  online := db.status()
-  if !online
-    err(NotOnline(conn_url))
-  else
-    db
-fn (d: DB) status(): bool =
-  res := d.exec("select 1")
-  if res == None
-    false
-  else
-    true
-suite "Cat" do
-  test "talks"  do
-    c := Cat(name: "123", age: 1)
-    c2 := Cat(...c, age: c.age + 1)
-    c.talk()
-  test "fullname"  do
-    Assert.equal(Cat("rabby", 21).fullname(), "rabby21")
-  test "ToStr" do
-    items := [Cat("Molly", 9), Cat("Fenton", 6)]
-        .retain(|p| p.name.size > 5)
-        .map(|p| describe(p))
-        .each(|d| printLn(d))
-    Assert.equal(items[0].toStr(), "Cat<Fenton, 6>")
-suite "diagonal" do
-  test "3 4 5" do
-    Assert.equal 5.0 (diagonal 3.0 4.0)
-  test "5 12 13" do
-    Assert.equal 5.0 (diagonal 3.0 4.0)
-```
-# Types
-### any
-The any type is an empty trait and is used to represent all types
-### error
-The error type is a trait that represents all Error types
-## bool
-A bool can be either `true` or `false`. It is used in logical operations and conditional statements.
-```rb
-assert true != false
-if true || false
-  print("works")
-```
-## byte
-A byte represents an unsigned 8-bit number. It is mainly used to represent strings and binary data.
-```go
-up_event := 'a'
-key_code := 102
-```
-## int
-An int is a signed 64-bit number. It can be represented in various ways,
-| Notation | Type        | Base    | Example                   |
-| -------- | ----------- | ------- | ------------------------- |
-| 0b       | Binary      | Base 2  | `0b00101010`, `0b1_1111`  |
-| 0x       | Hexadecimal | Base 16 | `0xff00ff`, `0xFF80_0000` |
-| number   | Standard    | Base 10 | `98762`, `98_762`         |
-## float
-A float represents a 64-bit floating point [IEEE-754-2008](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-precision_floating-point_format).
-| Type        | Example           |
-| ----------- | ----------------- |
-| Normal      | `1.2`, `-0.4`     |
-| With suffix | `15.03f`, `12.0f` |
-| E notation  | `2.7e-12`, `1e10` |
-## dec
-A dec is a decimal floating-point numbering format which is 64-bit data type.
-It is intended for applications where it is necessary to emulate decimal rounding exactly, such as financial and tax computations.
-It supports 16 decimal digits of significand and an exponent range of −383 to +384.
-| Type       | Example           |
-| ---------- | ----------------- |
-| Normal     | `2.4d`, `-13.3d`  |
-| E notation | `2.7e-12`, `1e10` |
-## str
-A str represents an array of runes or unicode code points. It is encoded to UTF-8 by default.
-It supports interpolation of variables/values that implement the ToStr interface.
-```go
-import std/os.{printLn}
-sed := "Hello World"
-name := "Pacos"
-age := 1
-printLn("Name ${name} age ${age}")
-```
-## list
-```py
-import std/list
-a := List.of(1, 2, 3)   # List[int]
-b := List.of(          # List[List[int]]
-  List.of(1),
-  List.of(2),
-  List.of(3),
-)
-c := List.of(1, 2, 3 * 4, 8, n)
-actors := List.of("Krabs", "Squidward")
-actors.add("Spongebob")
-actors.length() // ==> 3
-actors.contains("Krabs") // ==> true
+View the docs here [pacos.sh](https://pacos.sh)
-actors.get(0) // => "Krabs"
-actors.get(5) // => nil
-items
-  .map(|v| v + 1)
-  .each(|v| printLn("v", v))
-  .reduce(0, |v| v + 1)
-```
-## map
-```rs
-import std/map
-nums := Map.of("one" => 1, "two" => 2)
-map.get("one") // => some(1)
-map.get("unknown") // => none
-friends_tree := Map.of(
-  "value" => "Fred",
-  "left" => Map.of(
-    "value" => "Jim",
-  ),
-  "right" => Map.of(
-    "value" => "Shiela",
-    "left" => Map.of(
-      "value" => "Alice",
-    ),
-    "right" => Map.of(
-      "value" => "Bob"
-    ),
-  ),
-)
-friends_tree
-  .map(|k, v| v)
-  .each(|k, v| printLn("v", v))
-  .reduce(0, |k, v| v + 1)
-```
-## option
-An option is a type that represents either value present `some` or nothing present `none`
-```go
-import std/option
-c := some(2)
-match c
-  none -> print("no car")
-  some(c) -> print("${c}")
-if some(count) = c
-  printLn("Hello ${count}")
-else
-  printLn("nothing")
-```
-## result
-A result is a type that represents either success `ok` or failure `err`
-```rs
-import std/str
-import std/result
-#[error]
-record FetchError()
-#[error]
-record IOError()
-#[error]
-record JsonParseError()
-#[error("Version is nil")]
-record ParseVersionError()
-#[json]
-record UserData(
-  id: int,
-  name: str,
-  roles: List[str]
-)
-fn parseVersion(header: List[int]): result[int, ParseVersionError] =
-  header.get(0) ?: ParseError()
-fn doubleNumber(s: str): result[int] =
-  number_str.parse_int().map(|n| 2 * n)
-fn fetchData(route: str): result[UserData] =
-  response := fetch(route)?
-  data := response.body.readAll()?
-  parseJson(data)?
-fn main(): result[int] =
-  n := doubleNumber("10")?
-  version := parseVersion(list.of(1, 2))?
-  res := fetchData()
-  match res
-    ok(u) -> return ok(u.id)
-    err(IOError(e)) -> printLn("IO failed")
-    err(e) -> printLn("generic error ${e.msg()}")
-  ok(0)
-```
-# Declarations
-## constants
-Constants can be declared at the top level of a program. They cannot be reassigned.
-- Primitive values like`int, float, str` are directly replaced in code.
-- Reference values like `list, map, records` are initialized at program start and passed by reference when used. Their data can be modified.
-```rb
-const START_YEAR = 2101
-const PI = 3.14159
-const NAME = "pacos"
-const DEBUG_ENABLED = true
-const COUNT = count(10)
-const COUNTRIES_LIST = list.of("US", "INDIA", "CANADA")
-const COUNTRY_CODES = map.of(
-  "in" => "INDIA",
-  "us" => "United States",
-  "ca" => "Canada"
-)
-fn count(n: int): int = n * 1
-```
-## variables
-Variables can be declared only at the local scope of a function as they are mutable. They are references/pointers to data.
-We use the Short Variable Declaration Operator `:=` to declare a variable
-```go
-fn calculate(n: int): int =
-  a := 1 + n
-  b := 1 * n
-  a * b
-```
-## Functions
-```rs
-fn fib(n: int): int =
-  match n
-    0 | 1 -> n
-    _ -> fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
-fn log(level: str, msg: str) =
-  printLn("${level}: ${msg}")
-fn info(msg: str) =
-  printLn("INFO", msg)
-fn warning(msg: str) =
-  printLn("WARN", msg)
-fn addLists[T](a: List[T], b: List[T]): List[T] =
-  a.concat(b)
-// Variadic function
-fn addItems(items ...str) =
-  for i, v := range items
-    printLn("${i} ${v}")
-```
-## Records
-A record is a collect of data indexed by fields. It is a reference type and reference counted.
-```rs
-struct Cat is Stringable =
-  | name: str
-  | age:  int
-  fn Cat.withName(name: str): Cat =
-    Cat(name: name, age: 0)
-  fn fullname(): str =
-    name + age.toStr()
-  fn talk() =
-    printLn("cat ${name} says meow")
-  fn toStr(): str =
-    "Cat<${fullname()}, ${age}>"
-```
-## Traits
-```rs
-trait Equatable[A] where
-  fn eq(left: A, right: A): bool
-  fn neq(left: A, right: A): bool
-trait Comparable[A: Ord] where
-  fn compare(left: A, right: A): Ordering
-```
-## Enums
-An Algebraic Data Type
-```rs
-enum Ordering is Stringable =
-  | LT
-  | EQ
-  | GT
-  fn toStr(): str =
-    match self
-      LT -> "LT"
-      EQ -> "EQ"
-      GT -> "GT"
-```
-## Type
-```rs
-type Size = int
-type Metre = float
-type MapString[T] = Map[String, T]
-```
-# Statements
-## Assignment statement
-```rb
-low, mid, high := 0, 0, n.numItems
-x := 10
-y := 20
-xy_list := List.of(1, 2, 3)
-xy_map := Map.of(1 => "one", 2 => "two")
-```
-## while statement
-```rb
-low, mid, high := 0, 0, n.size
-while low < high
-  mid = (low + high) / 2
-  low = cmp > 0 ? mid + 1 : low
-  high = cmp < 0 ? mid : high
-  if cmp == 0
-    return mid, true
-while a > b
-  a += 1
-while Some(top) = stack.pop()
-  printLn(top)
-```
-## for statement
-```rb
-for i := range 10
-  sum += i
-n := 5
-for i := range n
-  sum += i + 5
-for k, v := range json_map
-  sum += k + v
-for v := range list
-  sum += k + v
-```
-## if expression/statement
-```py
-if name == "Andreas"
-  printLn("What a nice name!")
-else if name == "Pacman"
-  printLn("Game from the 80s")
-else if name == ""
-  printLn("Don't you have a name?")
-else
-  printLn("Boring name...")
-```
-## Match expression/statement
-```rs
-fn getPerimeter(shape: Shape): Result[float] =
-  match shape
-    Rectangle(r) -> Ok(2 * r.length() + 2 * r.width())
-    Circle(c) -> Ok(2 * c.radius() * PI)
-    _ -> Err(RuntimeError("expected shape but found ${@TypeName(shape)}"))
-match x, y
-  1, 1 -> "both are 1"
-  1, _ -> "x is 1"
-  _, 1 -> "y is 1"
-  _, _ -> "neither is 1"
-match n
-  2 | 4 | 6 | 8 -> "This is an even number"
-  1 | 3 | 5 | 7 -> "This is an odd number"
-  _ -> "I'm not sure"
-match
-  cmp > 0 -> low = mid + 1
-  cmp < 0 -> high = mid
-  cmp == 0 -> return mid, true
-```
-## Operators
-**assignment operator**
-```go
-  x := 5
-	y := 3
-	x += y  // 8
-	x -= y  // 5
-	x *= y  // 15
-	x /= y  // 5
-	x %= y  // 2
-	x &= y  // 2
-	x |= y  // 3
-	x <<= y // 24
-	x >>= y // 3
-  a ?= 2  // elvis assignment operator
-```
-**not operator**
-```rb
-!a
-!true
-```
-**ternary operator**
-```rb
-x ? a : b
-```
-**safe navigation operator**
-```rb
-a?.b?.c?.d
-```
-**elvis operator**
-```rb
-x ?: y
-```
-**cascade operator (remove??)**
-```dart
-paint := Paint()
-  ..color = Colors.black
-  ..strokeCap = StrokeCap.round
-  ..strokeWidth = 5.0
-v := list.of(1, 2, 3)
-  ..add(4, 5)
-  ..get(0)
-```
-**range operator**
-```rs
-type Seq0 = fn(yield: fn(): bool): bool
-type Seq1[V] = fn(yield: fn(V): bool): bool
-type Seq2[K, V] = fn(yield: fn(K, V): bool): bool
-struct Tree[E] =
-  | value E
-  | left: Option[Tree]
-  | right: Option[Tree]
-  fn op_range(yld: fn(E): bool): bool =
-    t ? true : t.left?.in_order(yld) && yld(t.val) && t.right?.in_order(yld)
-let tree = Tree(
-  value: 10,
-  left: Tree(20, Tree(30), Tree(39)),
-  right: Tree(40),
-)
-for t := range tree:
-  printLn(v)
-```
 ## Rules

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@@ -135,13 +135,13 @@ fn reverse(): str
     start = start + 1
   result
-fn parse_int(): int! =
+fn parseInt(): int! =
   0
-fn parse_float(): float! =
+fn parseFloat(): float! =
   0.0
-fn parse_bool(): bool! =
+fn parseBool(): bool! =
   match to_lower()
     "true" -> bool::true
     "false" -> bool::false

website/.gitignore ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# build output
+dist/
+# generated types
+.astro/
+# dependencies
+node_modules/
+# logs
+npm-debug.log*
+yarn-debug.log*
+yarn-error.log*
+pnpm-debug.log*
+# environment variables
+.env
+.env.production
+# macOS-specific files
+.DS_Store

website/.vscode/extensions.json ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "recommendations": ["astro-build.astro-vscode"],
+  "unwantedRecommendations": []
+}

website/.vscode/launch.json ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+  "version": "0.2.0",
+  "configurations": [
+    {
+      "command": "./node_modules/.bin/astro dev",
+      "name": "Development server",
+      "request": "launch",
+      "type": "node-terminal"
+    }
+  ]
+}

website/astro.config.mjs ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import { defineConfig } from "astro/config";
+import starlight from "@astrojs/starlight";
+// https://astro.build/config
+export default defineConfig({
+  integrations: [
+    starlight({
+      title: "👾 pacos.sh",
+      social: {
+        github: "https://github.com/pyrossh/pacos.sh",
+      },
+      sidebar: [
+        {
+          label: "Basic Types",
+          link: "/primitive-types",
+        },
+        {
+          label: "Reference Types",
+          link: "/reference-types",
+        },
+        {
+          label: "Declarations",
+          items: [
+            { label: "Records", link: "/declarations/records" },
+            { label: "Traits", link: "/declarations/traits" },
+            { label: "Enum", link: "/declarations/enum" },
+            { label: "Type Alias", link: "/declarations/aliases" },
+            { label: "Functions", link: "/declarations/functions" },
+          ],
+        },
+        {
+          label: "Statements",
+          items: [
+            { label: "Constants", link: "/statements/constants" },
+            { label: "Variables", link: "/statements/variables" },
+            { label: "If", link: "/statements/if" },
+            { label: "While", link: "/statements/while" },
+            { label: "For", link: "/statements/for" },
+            { label: "Match", link: "/statements/match" },
+          ],
+        },
+        {
+          label: "Operators",
+          link: "/operators/logical",
+        },
+        {
+          label: "Comments/Documentation",
+          link: "/operators/logical",
+        },
+      ],
+    }),
+  ],
+});

website/package.json ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+  "name": "website",
+  "type": "module",
+  "version": "0.0.1",
+  "scripts": {
+    "dev": "astro dev",
+    "start": "astro dev",
+    "build": "astro build",
+    "preview": "astro preview",
+    "astro": "astro"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@astrojs/starlight": "^0.20.1",
+    "astro": "^4.3.5",
+    "sharp": "^0.32.5"
+  }
+}

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+ <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 128 128"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M81 36 64 0 47 36l-1 2-9-10a6 6 0 0 0-9 9l10 10h-2L0 64l36 17h2L28 91a6 6 0 1 0 9 9l9-10 1 2 17 36 17-36v-2l9 10a6 6 0 1 0 9-9l-9-9 2-1 36-17-36-17-2-1 9-9a6 6 0 1 0-9-9l-9 10v-2Zm-17 2-2 5c-4 8-11 15-19 19l-5 2 5 2c8 4 15 11 19 19l2 5 2-5c4-8 11-15 19-19l5-2-5-2c-8-4-15-11-19-19l-2-5Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/><path d="M118 19a6 6 0 0 0-9-9l-3 3a6 6 0 1 0 9 9l3-3Zm-96 4c-2 2-6 2-9 0l-3-3a6 6 0 1 1 9-9l3 3c3 2 3 6 0 9Zm0 82c-2-2-6-2-9 0l-3 3a6 6 0 1 0 9 9l3-3c3-2 3-6 0-9Zm96 4a6 6 0 0 1-9 9l-3-3a6 6 0 1 1 9-9l3 3Z"/><style>path{fill:#000}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){path{fill:#fff}}</style></svg>

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website/src/content/config.ts ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import { defineCollection } from 'astro:content';
+import { docsSchema } from '@astrojs/starlight/schema';
+export const collections = {
+	docs: defineCollection({ schema: docsSchema() }),
+};

website/src/content/docs/declarations/aliases.md ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+---
+title: Type Alias
+description: These are basic types
+---
+```rs
+type Size = int
+type Metre = float
+type MapString[T] = Map[String, T]
+```

website/src/content/docs/declarations/enum.md ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+title: Enum
+description: These are basic types
+---
+An Algebraic Data Type
+```rs
+enum Ordering is Stringable =
+  | LT
+  | EQ
+  | GT
+  fn toStr(): str =
+    match self
+      LT -> "LT"
+      EQ -> "EQ"
+      GT -> "GT"
+enum Shape where
+  | Circle(int)
+  | Square(int)
+  | Rectangle(int, int)
+enum Shape where
+  Circle(int)
+  Square(int)
+  Rectangle(int, int)
+```

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+---
+title: Functions
+description: These are basic types
+---
+```rs
+fn fib(n: int): int =
+  match n
+    0 | 1 -> n
+    _ -> fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+fn log(level: str, msg: str) =
+  printLn("${level}: ${msg}")
+fn info(msg: str) =
+  printLn("INFO", msg)
+fn warning(msg: str) =
+  printLn("WARN", msg)
+fn addLists[T](a: List[T], b: List[T]): List[T] =
+  a.concat(b)
+// Variadic function
+fn addItems(items ...str) =
+  for i, v := range items
+    printLn("${i} ${v}")
+```

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+---
+title: Records
+description: These are basic types
+---
+A record is a collect of data indexed by fields. It is a reference type and reference counted.
+```rs
+struct Cat is Stringable where
+  | name: str
+  | age:  int
+  fn Cat.withName(name: str): Cat =
+    Cat(name: name, age: 0)
+  fn fullname(): str =
+    name + age.toStr()
+  fn talk() =
+    printLn("cat ${name} says meow")
+  fn toStr(): str =
+    "Cat<${fullname()}, ${age}>"
+```

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+---
+title: Traits
+description: These are basic types
+---
+Traits are used to implement static/dynamic dispatch
+```rs
+trait HasEq[A] where
+  fn eq(other: A): bool
+trait Equatable[A] where
+  fn eq(other: A): bool
+  fn ne(other: A): bool
+trait Comparable[A: Ord] is Equatable where
+  fn lt(other: A): bool
+  fn le(other: A): bool
+  fn ge(other: A): bool
+  fn gt(other: A): bool
+  fn compare(other: A): int
+```

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+---
+title: 👾 pacos-lang
+description: A statically typed, imperative programming language inspired by rust, koka
+template: splash
+hero:
+  tagline: A statically typed, imperative programming language inspired by rust, koka. With plans to be compiled to WASM.
+  image:
+    file: ../../assets/houston.webp
+  actions:
+    - text: Checkout the Documentation
+      link: /primitive-types
+      icon: right-arrow
+      variant: secondary
+---
+### Here is some sample code, please enjoy,
+```rs
+module lambda
+import std/list
+import std/math
+import std/http
+const DELTA = 11
+fn sum(a: int, b: int): int = a + b + DELTA
+fn sumAll(series: list[int]): int =
+  series.reduce(0, |v| v + 1)
+fn fib(n: int): int =
+  match n
+    0 | 1 -> n
+    _ -> fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+fn fib(n: int): int =
+  if n == 0 || n == 1
+    n
+  else
+    fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+fn factorial(n: int): int =
+  match n
+    a -> 1
+    _ -> n * factorial(n - 1)
+fn firstItem(items: list[int]): option[int] =
+  items.get(0)
+fn toCelsius(f: float): float =
+  (f - 32) * (5 / 9)
+// Variadic function
+fn addItems(items ...str) =
+  list.add(items)
+trait Stringable where
+  fn toStr(): str
+// `Cat is a speciecs of felidae
+struct Cat is Stringable, Equal, Comparable =
+  | name: str
+  | age:  int
+  fn Cat(name: str, age: int) =
+    self.name = name
+    self.age = age
+  fn Cat.withName(name: str): Cat =
+    `Create a cat with only name
+    Cat(name: name, age: 0)
+  fn fullname(): str =
+    name + age.toStr()
+  fn talk() =
+    printLn("cat ${name} says meow")
+  fn toStr(): str =
+    "Cat<${fullname()}, ${age}>"
+enum Temperature where
+  | celsius(float)
+  | fahrenheit(float)
+  fn toStr(): str =
+    match self
+      celsius(t) && t > 30 -> "${t}C is above 30 celsius"
+      celsius(t) -> "${t}C is below 30 celsius"
+      fahrenheit(t) && t > 86 -> "${t}F is above 86 fahrenheit"
+      fahrenheit(t) -> "${t}F is below 86 fahrenheit"
+alias MapCallback = fn(v: a): v
+struct DB where
+  let conn_url: str
+  fn connect(): Result[unit, DatabaseError] =
+   `connect to the database
+    online := status()
+    if !online
+      Err(NotOnline(conn_url))
+    else
+      Ok(unit)
+  fn status(): bool =
+    `check if the database is running
+    res := exec("select 1")
+    if res == None
+      false
+    else
+      true
+  fn exec(q: str): Result[unit] =
+    `exec some stuff
+    printLn("Going to exec q")
+#[error]
+enum DatabaseError =
+  NotOnline(conn_url: str)
+  RowReadFailure(query: str)
+fn newDB(conn_url: str) result[DB, DatabaseError] =
+  db := DB(conn_url: str)
+  online := db.status()
+  if !online
+    err(NotOnline(conn_url))
+  else
+    db
+fn (d: DB) status(): bool =
+  res := d.exec("select 1")
+  if res == None
+    false
+  else
+    true
+#[test]
+primitive CatTest
+  fn talk(t: TestHelper) =
+    c := Cat(name: "123", age: 1)
+    c2 := Cat(...c, age: c.age + 1)
+    c.talk()
+  fn fullname(t: TestHelper) =
+    Assert.equal(Cat("rabby", 21).fullname(), "rabby21")
+  fn toStr() =
+    items := [Cat("Molly", 9), Cat("Fenton", 6)]
+      .retain(|p| p.name.size > 5)
+      .map(|p| describe(p))
+      .each(|d| printLn(d))
+    Assert.equal(items[0].toStr(), "Cat<Fenton, 6>")
+suite "diagonal" do
+  test "3 4 5" do
+    Assert.equal 5.0 (diagonal 3.0 4.0)
+  test "5 12 13" do
+    Assert.equal 5.0 (diagonal 3.0 4.0)
+```

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+---
+title: Operators
+description: These are basic types
+---
+### Arithmetic
+### Relational
+### Logical
+### Bitwise
+### Assignment
+### Precedence
+**assignment operator**
+```go
+  x := 5
+	y := 3
+	x += y  // 8
+	x -= y  // 5
+	x *= y  // 15
+	x /= y  // 5
+	x %= y  // 2
+	x &= y  // 2
+	x |= y  // 3
+	x <<= y // 24
+	x >>= y // 3
+  a ?= 2  // elvis assignment operator
+```
+**not operator**
+```rb
+!a
+!true
+```
+**ternary operator**
+```rb
+x ? a : b
+```
+**safe navigation operator**
+```rb
+a?.b?.c?.d
+```
+**elvis operator**
+```rb
+x ?: y
+```
+**cascade operator (remove??)**
+```dart
+paint := Paint()
+  ..color = Colors.black
+  ..strokeCap = StrokeCap.round
+  ..strokeWidth = 5.0
+v := list.of(1, 2, 3)
+  ..add(4, 5)
+  ..get(0)
+```
+**range operator**
+```rs
+type Seq0 = fn(yield: fn(): bool): bool
+type Seq1[V] = fn(yield: fn(V): bool): bool
+type Seq2[K, V] = fn(yield: fn(K, V): bool): bool
+struct Tree[E] =
+  | value E
+  | left: Option[Tree]
+  | right: Option[Tree]
+  fn op_range(yld: fn(E): bool): bool =
+    t ? true : t.left?.in_order(yld) && yld(t.val) && t.right?.in_order(yld)
+let tree = Tree(
+  value: 10,
+  left: Tree(20, Tree(30), Tree(39)),
+  right: Tree(40),
+)
+for t := range tree:
+  printLn(v)
+```

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+---
+title: Basic Types
+description: These are basic types
+---
+## bool
+A bool can be either `true` or `false`. It is used in logical operations and conditional statements.
+```rb
+assert true != false
+if true || false
+  print("works")
+```
+## byte
+A byte represents an unsigned 8-bit number. It is mainly used to represent strings and binary data.
+```go
+up_event := 'a'
+key_code := 102
+```
+## int
+An int is a signed 64-bit number. It can be represented in various ways,
+| Notation | Type        | Base    | Example                   |
+| -------- | ----------- | ------- | ------------------------- |
+| 0b       | Binary      | Base 2  | `0b00101010`, `0b1_1111`  |
+| 0x       | Hexadecimal | Base 16 | `0xff00ff`, `0xFF80_0000` |
+| number   | Standard    | Base 10 | `98762`, `98_762`         |
+## float
+A float represents a 64-bit floating point [IEEE-754-2008](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-precision_floating-point_format).
+| Type        | Example           |
+| ----------- | ----------------- |
+| Normal      | `1.2`, `-0.4`     |
+| With suffix | `15.03f`, `12.0f` |
+| E notation  | `2.7e-12`, `1e10` |
+## dec
+A dec is a decimal floating-point numbering format which is 64-bit data type.
+It is intended for applications where it is necessary to emulate decimal rounding exactly, such as financial and tax computations.
+It supports 16 decimal digits of significand and an exponent range of −383 to +384.
+| Type       | Example           |
+| ---------- | ----------------- |
+| Normal     | `2.4d`, `-13.3d`  |
+| E notation | `2.7e-12`, `1e10` |

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+---
+title: Reference Types
+description: These are basic refernce types
+---
+## any
+The any type is an empty trait and is used to represent all types
+## error
+The error type is a trait that represents all Error types
+## str
+A str represents an array of runes or unicode code points. It is encoded to UTF-8 by default.
+It supports interpolation of variables/values that implement the ToStr interface.
+```go
+import std/os.{printLn}
+sed := "Hello World"
+name := "Pacos"
+age := 1
+printLn("Name ${name} age ${age}")
+```
+## list
+```py
+import std/list
+a := List.of(1, 2, 3)   # List[int]
+b := List.of(          # List[List[int]]
+  List.of(1),
+  List.of(2),
+  List.of(3),
+)
+c := List.of(1, 2, 3 * 4, 8, n)
+actors := List.of("Krabs", "Squidward")
+actors.add("Spongebob")
+actors.length() // ==> 3
+actors.contains("Krabs") // ==> true
+actors.get(0) // => "Krabs"
+actors.get(5) // => nil
+items
+  .map(|v| v + 1)
+  .each(|v| printLn("v", v))
+  .reduce(0, |v| v + 1)
+```
+## map
+```rs
+import std/map
+nums := Map.of("one" => 1, "two" => 2)
+map.get("one") // => some(1)
+map.get("unknown") // => none
+friends_tree := Map.of(
+  "value" => "Fred",
+  "left" => Map.of(
+    "value" => "Jim",
+  ),
+  "right" => Map.of(
+    "value" => "Shiela",
+    "left" => Map.of(
+      "value" => "Alice",
+    ),
+    "right" => Map.of(
+      "value" => "Bob"
+    ),
+  ),
+)
+friends_tree
+  .map(|k, v| v)
+  .each(|k, v| printLn("v", v))
+  .reduce(0, |k, v| v + 1)
+```
+## option
+An option is a type that represents either value present `some` or nothing present `none`
+```go
+import std/option
+c := some(2)
+match c
+  none -> print("no car")
+  some(c) -> print("${c}")
+if some(count) = c
+  printLn("Hello ${count}")
+else
+  printLn("nothing")
+```
+## result
+A result is a type that represents either success `ok` or failure `err`
+```rs
+import std/str
+import std/result
+#[error]
+record FetchError()
+#[error]
+record IOError()
+#[error]
+record JsonParseError()
+#[error("Version is nil")]
+record ParseVersionError()
+#[json]
+record UserData(
+  id: int,
+  name: str,
+  roles: List[str]
+)
+fn parseVersion(header: List[int]): result[int, ParseVersionError] =
+  header.get(0) ?: ParseError()
+fn doubleNumber(s: str): result[int] =
+  number_str.parse_int().map(|n| 2 * n)
+fn fetchData(route: str): result[UserData] =
+  response := fetch(route)?
+  data := response.body.readAll()?
+  parseJson(data)?
+fn main(): result[int] =
+  n := doubleNumber("10")?
+  version := parseVersion(list.of(1, 2))?
+  res := fetchData()
+  match res
+    Ok(u) -> return Ok(u.id)
+    Err(IOError(e)) -> printLn("IO failed")
+    Err(e) -> printLn("generic error ${e.msg()}")
+  Ok(0)
+```

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+---
+title: Constants
+description: These are basic types
+---
+Constants can be declared at the top level of a program. They cannot be reassigned.
+- Primitive values like`int, float, str` are directly replaced in code.
+- Reference values like `list, map, records` are initialized at program start and passed by reference when used. Their data can be modified.
+```rb
+const START_YEAR = 2101
+const PI = 3.14159
+const NAME = "pacos"
+const DEBUG_ENABLED = true
+const COUNT = count(10)
+const COUNTRIES_LIST = List.of("US", "INDIA", "CANADA")
+const COUNTRY_CODES = Map.of(
+  "in" => "INDIA",
+  "us" => "United States",
+  "ca" => "Canada"
+)
+fn count(n: int): int = n * 1
+```

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+---
+title: For Statement
+description: These are basic types
+---
+```rb
+for i := range 10
+  sum += i
+n := 5
+for i := range n
+  sum += i + 5
+for k, v := range json_map
+  sum += k + v
+for v := range list
+  sum += k + v
+```

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+---
+title: If Statement
+description: These are basic types
+---
+```py
+if name == "Andreas"
+  printLn("What a nice name!")
+else if name == "Pacman"
+  printLn("Game from the 80s")
+else if name == ""
+  printLn("Don't you have a name?")
+else
+  printLn("Boring name...")
+```

website/src/content/docs/statements/match.md ADDED Viewed

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+---
+title: Match
+description: These are basic types
+---
+```rs
+fn getPerimeter(shape: Shape): Result[float] =
+  match shape
+    Rectangle(r) -> Ok(2 * r.length() + 2 * r.width())
+    Circle(c) -> Ok(2 * c.radius() * PI)
+    _ -> Err(RuntimeError("expected shape but found ${@TypeName(shape)}"))
+match x, y
+  1, 1 -> "both are 1"
+  1, _ -> "x is 1"
+  _, 1 -> "y is 1"
+  _, _ -> "neither is 1"
+match n
+  2 | 4 | 6 | 8 -> "This is an even number"
+  1 | 3 | 5 | 7 -> "This is an odd number"
+  _ -> "I'm not sure"
+match _
+  cmp > 0 -> low = mid + 1
+  cmp < 0 -> high = mid
+  cmp == 0 -> return mid, true
+```

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+---
+title: Variables
+description: These are basic types
+---
+Variables can be declared only at the local scope of a function as they are mutable. They are references/pointers to data.
+We use the Short Variable Declaration Operator `:=` to declare a variable
+```rb
+low, mid, high := 0, 0, n.numItems
+x := 10
+y := 20
+xy_list := List.of(1, 2, 3)
+xy_map := Map.of(1 => "one", 2 => "two")
+a := 1 + n
+b := 1 * n
+a * b
+```

website/src/content/docs/statements/while.md ADDED Viewed

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+---
+title: While Statement
+description: These are basic types
+---
+```rb
+low, mid, high := 0, 0, n.size
+while low < high
+  mid = (low + high) / 2
+  low = cmp > 0 ? mid + 1 : low
+  high = cmp < 0 ? mid : high
+  if cmp == 0
+    return mid, true
+while a > b
+  a += 1
+while Some(top) = stack.pop()
+  printLn(top)
+```

website/src/env.d.ts ADDED Viewed

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1	+ /// <reference path="../.astro/types.d.ts" />
2	+ /// <reference types="astro/client" />

website/tsconfig.json ADDED Viewed

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+{
+  "extends": "astro/tsconfigs/strict"
+}